Environmental Challenges in the MENA Region: The Long Road From Conflict to Cooperation by Hamid Pouran & Hassan Hakimian

Author:Hamid Pouran & Hassan Hakimian [Pouran, Hamid & Hakimian, Hassan]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Political Science, General, Science, Environmental Science, Political Economy
ISBN: 9781909942219
Google: kSE4swEACAAJ
Goodreads: 36376894
Publisher: Gingko Library
Published: 2019-09-15T00:00:00+00:00

Figure 12: Trends in green water (effective rainfall), blue water (surface and ground water) and total virtual water volumes ‘imported’ (top), ‘exported’ (bottom left) and ‘exchanged’ internally (bottom right) by MENA, in km3 per year. Source: Antonelli and Tamea, 2015, p. 332.

Figure 13: Creating Palestinian dependence: tying together the elements of the Oslo Agreement. Source: Author.

Figure 14: The evolution of the VW agricultural flows in Palestine during the post-Oslo trade regime. Note: Internal agricultural use includes water withdrawals (blue water) which are in the order of 189 hm3, and soil water (green water), that is water received from rainfall and soil humidity. Source: Authors’ estimates based on FAOSTAT.

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